What teratogenic effects are associated with exposure to Accutane during pregnancy?

Accutane, also known as isotretinoin, is a powerful medication primarily used to treat severe acne. One of the most critical concerns regarding isotretinoin is its teratogenic effects when taken during pregnancy.

The correct answer highlights that exposure to Accutane during pregnancy can lead to severe central nervous system malformations along with other significant birth defects. These malformations include but are not limited to microcephaly, hydrocephalus, and malformations of the heart, face, and limbs. The risk of these severe teratogenic effects is particularly high, which is why strict guidelines are established for women of childbearing age who are prescribed this medication, often requiring them to use effective contraception and undergo regular pregnancy testing.

The other options do not accurately represent the range of effects associated with Accutane exposure during pregnancy. Hypoplastic nasal bone may be a feature in certain syndromes associated with different teratogens, but it is not specific to Accutane. Increased fertility is not a known effect of isotretinoin; in fact, the medication is used to treat conditions that usually result from hormonal imbalances related to acne. Lastly, patient developmental normalization is not applicable here, as the teratogenic effects of Accutane are serious